Were you to diagram them, you would see they form the basis of triangles. What medium did the artist use, such as paint, clay, film, or other type of material? The first step of art criticism is describing. He also used the concept of the trinity, in the number 3, as he grouped each of the disciples in threes, two groups on each side of the painting. For example, does the artwork represent a particular era, movement, or style? Obviously, negative remarks in the same vein are equally pointless.) (See Three Words in the Lesson Plans section.) Audiences were alarmed when they discovered one of the media was elephant dung, a substance common in African art but not easily accepted by Western audiences. descriptive. Experts use three principle theories that help them define the worth of the art works. The first, and most familiar, can be called "prescriptive criticism." I was "being the audience," reflecting the actors' performances back to them so that they could make their own choices about how to modify them, rather than telling them what to change. Many of my lesson activities involve students "reflecting" their peers' work back to them by imitating it, or by restating it. (Even if the artist tries to tell me what is intended, this is still a danger, language being often inadequate in this area.). The grand landscape at once provides the youth with access to the adventure of life as he pursues the castle in the sky, but at the same time the winding river, representing the path of life, conceals the hardships that one must overcome as he sails ahead into the future. -accounts for the subtlest (fine, understated) distinctions in the arts and therefore the most-complex choices. Descriptive criticism, more than any other type, is most likely to improve our participation with a work of art, for such criticism turns us directly to the work itself. it starts with careful preparation. Then it examines in greater detail the descriptive activities of critics through their writings about several contemporary artists working in But a commissioned work, like any work of theatre, commissioned or otherwise, must take its expected "audience" into account, and she had created a work that was not acceptable to the "audience" for which it was intended--those in the community who would pass by the genetics building.) Further down the river, a rough patch of rocks awaits the youth, but the young man cannot see the obstacle from his position. You show the work and invite comment, right? The background of this painting brings to mind absinthe or wine labels and posters. You're basically saying, "Please understand--the whole and only purpose of this reading and discussion is to help me refine my play. But I wouldn't be here if I did not think it could be even better, so stop wasting my time and give me something I can use." A teacher--who clearly did not understand what I was doing--once accused me of being self-centered. The history of art criticism is a narrative of the responses that made an aesthetic as well as social difference in the general perception and conception of art, often legitimating its change in direction. The other kind of criticism can be called "descriptive criticism." Is she doing anything? Kelly is a professional educator with an M.A. To analyze an artwork, the critic explains how all the parts and features work together as a whole. 1.) In chapter 2, what did the textbook argue that a work of art was? The theories and their associated keywords and theorists are, in current practice, used together "in an increasingly complex weave of methodological eclecticism." Anyway, as an artist, I'm much less interested in whether you like my work than in whether you get it. -Being a responsible critic desmans being at the height of awareness while examining a work of art in detail, establishing its context, and clarifying its achievement. Nearly every teacher of any kind of art has, at one time or another, engaged her or his students in peer criticism. Perhaps the basic importance of evaluative criticism lies in its commendation of works that we might otherwise dismiss, which may lead us to delightful experiences. Formal Analysis Paper Example 1. But the director of the next Marvell Comics adaptation had better care about them.) A few artistic movements or styles were mentioned in the lesson. As the German theorist Hans Robert Jauss wrote, every work of art exists within a social and historical horizon of expectation. The aesthetic response elicited by the work often depends upon how much it does or does not conform to historically conditioned social expectations. Extreme innovatorsartists whose work is radically different, even revolutionarypose the greatest challenge to the critic. One very important point about taking the "questions only" approach is that the author is not expected to answer the questions. 3. Next you have to describe the piece of art in terms of its subject matter, color, and style. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. Then write the tense of each verb in the blank before the sentence. It features 3D sculptures and different art forms by a dozen of brilliant artists. Introduction to Humanities: Help and Review, Artemisia Gentileschi: Biography, Paintings & Style, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Kelly Hoben, Colleen Cleveland, Ginna Wilkerson, Literary Terms & Techniques: Help and Review, Literature of the Middle Ages: Help and Review, Literature of the Victorian Era: Help and Review, British Literature of the 20th Century: Help and Review, World Literature - Drama: Help and Review, Poetry of the Ancient and Modern Worlds: Help and Review, Prominent American Novelists: Help and Review, Philosophy and Nonfiction: Help and Review, The Mona Lisa by Leonardo Da Vinci: History, Facts & Location, Ancient Persian Art and Architecture: History & Style, Baroque Painting: Style, Characteristics & Artists, Baroque Sculpture: Characteristics & Style, Renaissance Art: Artists, Paintings, Sculptures & Architecture, Carolingian Art: History, Style & Characteristics, Abstract Expressionism: Definition, History, Characteristics & Artists, Albrecht Durer: Biography, Paintings & Prints, Alexander Calder: Biography, Sculptures & Paintings, Artist Charles Demuth: Biography & Paintings, Art Criticism: Definition, Steps & Example, Artist Louise Nevelson: Sculptures & Paintings, Artist Paul Klee: Facts, Famous Paintings & Drawings, Asymmetrical Balance in Art: Definition, Design & Examples, Claude Monet: Biography, Paintings & Facts, Action Painting: Definition & Characteristics, Aesthetic Distance: Definition & Application, Alfeique: Sugar Art Celebrating the Day of the Dead, The Alexander Mosaic: History, Composition & Style, Neoclassical, 19th-Century & Modern Sculpture, The Girl with a Pearl Earring by Vermeer: Painting Analysis & Overview, What Is a Medium in Art: Definition & Terms, What is Surrealism? Similarly, I'll happily talk about my process and my choices with fellow playwrights, formally or informally--but not during a structured criticism session. When you look for the obvious, also check out the color palette, or spectrum of colors, as well as the medium, or material. Only after folks have filled in and handed back the written questionnaires does any discussion begin. As an artist, I just don't need to hear that. Although they refrain from adopting pre-ordained systems, critics are often Inherent in this idea, of course, is the idea of revision as an essential part of the creative process, and for this reason the approach works a little better in some media than in others--it's a little difficult to revise a marble statue, for example. Check out the color palette, which is a spectrum of colors used by the artist. Even in a "private" setting, such as a reading where the "audience" consists of fellow playwrights who have been invited by the author, resentments can boil up if the structure is unfamiliar. This painting is very much representative of the work of Alphonse Mucha, a Czech painter and one of the founding fathers of Art Nouveau. As art critics, when we look at a painting, sculpture, or other form of art, we don't approach it as something that we like or dislike. the degree of beauty of a work of art. Hayes taught philosophy and related courses for more than forty years, primarily at Washington State University and CSU Stanislaus and had a Read More lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. There should also be an opportunity for the author to ask questions herself. Contact. The artist isn't going to change anything either way. When I receive (view, hear, see) a work of art, I can know what the art says to me--what I have received--but I cannot know whether what I receive is what the artist intends me to receive. Then, complete the tone and theme columns individually, and answer the questions that follow. Third, state a meaning for the artwork (interpret). The structure I've outlined above won't work in a situation like this. The third step of interpreting requires the critic to state what the artwork means or expresses. Once I have compiled a list of questions, I will often print them and hand them out after the reading, before any discussion has taken place. Such artists push the limits of the critics understanding and appreciation or else force the critic to fall back on established assumptions in intellectual Unless we perceive the form with sensitivity (this means that we have the basis for good descriptive criticism) we simply cannot understand the content. To begin, the critic should collect the obvious information such as the title of the artwork, the name of the artist who created it, the date of its completion, and the medium of the artwork if such information is available. Descriptive criticism provides a factual analysis, evaluation or judgement of the quality of a literary or artistic work, musical performance, art exhibit or dramatic The spiritual presence of the angel, the emotion that arises from the youth's blind enthusiasm, and the naturalistic rendering of an imaginative scene effectively express the artist's concept of youth through the tradition of Romanticism. Interpreting Art: Experience & Process | How To Interpret Art, Vocabulary for Painting Materials, Styles & Techniques, Important Works of Fifteenth-Century Italian Artists, Collage & Assemblage: Techniques & Famous Works, Safety & Environmental Hazards of Materials in Art, Common Problems & Solutions in Creating Visual Art, History of Sculptural Materials & Techniques. Art Criticism Theories The three basic art criticism theories are: Imitationalism is the belief that says art should imitate what we see in the real world. Formalism has the belief that the important part of a work is the use of the principles of design and the elements of art. A work is well made if the texture, color, lines, etc. are organized accurately. But it still works as a general principle. But not all of them are telling the truth. Sometimes you can tell from the color during which century the piece was created. From his idealized woman to the Greek-Romanesque dress she wears, she is intimately detailed as the spokeswoman of the absinthe or wine label with which she is most likely to be connected. It's an understandable reaction, but I believe she was wrong. Phone: 501-916 Descriptive criticism provides a factual analysis, evaluation or judgement of the quality of a literary or artistic work, musical performance, art exhibit or dramatic production. Even the most journalistic criticismand modern criticism is often a species of journalismis rarely neutral and detached. The director of a Merchant/Ivory-type period drama doesn't worry about whether 20-something "fanboy" types will understand the subtle meanings of his compositions, because they're not the ones who will be coming to see the movie. There are four steps used to critique a work of art: Looking at the obvious involves stating the artist's name, birthplace, title of the work, and year in which it was created. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 Do any shapes stand out as unique -- for example, the shapes of Christ and Judas, who leans back, fourth from the left? They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. WebThe purpose of criticism is to help the artist to improve his or her work. If the structure of the reading event will allow it--say if it's not in any way a public performance--I might even stop the reading at one or more points in the middle to hand out questions. He also uses decorative, flowery designs that border the figure like a canopy. How did Johann Gutenberg's printing press impact Europe? Just as the peer critics must be careful to avoid telling the author what they think she should have done, or what they themselves would have done in her place (which amounts to the same thing), the author must be careful not to invite prescriptive comments by saying things like, "how would you resolve the situation?" understands that communication. In Fruit by Alphones Mucha we see a young maiden carrying a basket overflowing with fruit close to her chest. As social and political changes transformed Europe during the 19th and 20th centuries, the role of the art critic in the western world emerged as a guide to increase our understanding and appreciation of art. -Long thought to be a painting by Rembrandt, the Polish Rider is now credited to one of his gifted students. It's not my fault you all have dirty minds!" This can make criticism impressionistic or poetic as well as descriptive, analytic, and scholarly. Folks who didn't like it wouldn't buy it, but presumably not everyone would be offended by it. Still, even in its present condition, this painting can be overwhelming. Art History Facts & Methodology | What is Art History? For instance, Salvador Dal, the surrealist painter, specialized in hidden meanings, which stem from sexual trauma to science and religion. The meaning of an artwork might be, for example, the communication of an idea, an expression of emotion, a particular representation of a person, place or thing, or a critique of a social or political situation. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. However, while I do think it's good to get into the descriptive habit in general, where the concept is most useful is in designing criticism sessions. I frequently do Q & A sessions with casts of children who have performed my work, during which I happily answer questions about my process, about what I was trying to say, or about any choices I made. What 3 fundamental standards does evaluative criticism require or assume? You can get your custom paper by one of our expert writers. The artist used a naturalistic palette of oil paint to realistically render the scene, portrayed in a wide view with a sense of depth. One of the standard forms of art criticism assignments is the formal analysis. Describe The Last Supper Through Descriptive Criticism. (a) In "The Charge of the Light Brigade," Tennyson frequently repeats words and phrases. When I make the choice to expose a play to the criticism of my peers or my mentor, it isn't simply in the hope that I'll learn something that will help me write a better play next time. that we are more likely to see what we believe, Domain II: Nutrition Screening and Assessment, The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self. In that moment, the critic coined the term ''Impressionism'' for a whole new movement. We have no difficulty telling which of these building was meant to serve as a bank and which was meant to serve as a church (from the Le Corbusier and Sullivan examples). It is the possibility that anger is not the artist's intention that makes the descriptive approach better. Descriptive critics focus on the art work form, describing important aspects of that form in order to improve our understanding of the characters, settings, structures, details or interrelationships present within the work or among the aspects depicted. Formal Analysis Paper Example 3. Formal art analysis is conducted primarily by connoisseurs, experts in attributing paintings or sculptures to the hand of specific artists. Updates? Art criticism may also encompass historiography; while art history is often spoken of as an objective field, art historians own preferences cannot always be separated from their judgments and choices of emphasis, and this makes many art-historical narratives a subtler form of art criticism. in English from The Ohio State University. I don't mean this only in the general sense of "helping him or her to become a better artist--a better painter, a (These examples are low-level criticism). The step of description also requires the critic to observe the visual elements of art, such as shape, texture, or palette. Remarks like, "the second scene is too short," or "you're going too fast" also fall into this category, because you're implicitly saying "make the second scene longer" or "slow down." My intent with this moment was to convey Stella's growing uneasiness with the fact that she is growing out of her childhood, and, more generally, with the general impermanence of structures in her life. But I would most certainly not ask, "did you understand that moving the sign is Stella's way of staving off her impending adulthood?" 43 chapters | Identify and explain the effect on Czechoslovakia of the reforms Alexander Dubcek introduced after his election in 1968. Once a thing is obvious, we tend to remember that it was always obvious.) To talk about organization, look at the way objects or figures are arranged. The artist's initial angry reaction could be summed up as, "No, you idiots, that's not what it means at all! Description is an intrinsic part of the process of A piece of art criticism may emphasize one of these steps more than the others, but good art criticism will integrate all of them together. interpretive. The three windows in the back wall also repeat the idea of three. Ginna earned M.Ed. a work of art is most likely to be judged a masterpiece by an evaluative critic if a DETAIL RELATIONSHIP of an artistic form is the connection of a part to another part or parts. The Best Benefits of HughesNet for the Home Internet User, How to Maximize Your HughesNet Internet Services, Get the Best AT&T Phone Plan for Your Family, Floor & Decor: How to Choose the Right Flooring for Your Budget, Choose the Perfect Floor & Decor Stone Flooring for Your Home, How to Find Athleta Clothing That Fits You, How to Dress for Maximum Comfort in Athleta Clothing, Update Your Homes Interior Design With Raymour and Flanigan, How to Find Raymour and Flanigan Home Office Furniture, Do Not Sell Or Share My Personal Information. The greatest threat to art criticism is the development of defensive clichssettled expectations and unquestioned presuppositionsabout art, while the adventure of art criticism lies in the exposure to new possibilities of art and the exploration of new approaches that seem demanded by it. Hopefully she's already done so in writing, but she should be ready to ask for clarification if she doesn't understand someone's question or comment. Architecture presents a unique set of issues that require a unique critical approach; for architectural criticism, see architecture. The difference in scale between the size of the youth in the boat, and the vast landscape sharply contrast each other, making the figure of the youth appear small and the world surrounding him appear huge. Leaning forward in his little boat, the youthful man exudes the energy and enthusiasm associated with his adolescent point-of-view. The content is "there" in the form, and yet, unlike the form, it is not there in a directly perceivable way. That means that any criticism I offer that is predicated, even unconsciously, on my idea of what the artist intends is bound to be flawed and may be actually harmful--especially if, as is usually true, my assumptions about what the artist intends are unconscious. All of which brings up an irony. -this is another example of shock art, by Ofili, a British artist noted for works referencing his African Heritage. Strictly speaking, if one accepts the first premise above, that the purpose of criticism is to help the artist improve, such remarks are not criticism at all. -The Last Supper has been damaged with restorations (the action of returning something to a former owner, place, or condition.) Well, yes and no. In approaching art criticism, just think of yourself as a detective. Descriptive Essay Example 5 Paragraph 5 paragraphs essay writing format is the most common method of composing an essay. She has over 30 years of teaching experience. Although every person in the painting possesses unique features, I believe The Last Supper can be divided into four symmetrical groups full of The Romantics placed high value on imagination and emotion, and they painted in a naturalistic style to represent subjects in a realistic way, even if the subjects were imaginary. Colleen has taught college level Game Development and Graphic Design and has a Master's in Interactive Entertainment and Masters in Media Psychology. Historians have traced the roots of art criticism as it functions today back to 17th century discourse about the works of art exhibited in the official French salons. The moderator (who might be the author herself, though, as I'll say below, it's usually better if it's not) can decide how much to relax the "questions only" rule if it's in place, in order to let the person answer. A responsible critic is not the same as popular journalism, which most people see popular journalism as being flashy, negative, and cute. Theory. The purpose of criticism is to help the artist to improve his or her work. Since this is a creative, exploratory activity, there are no right or wrong answers. Last, but not least, an art critic needs to make a judgment call. It must be interpreted. Discuss how the museum works to achieve its mission and goals. As a group, review the Lovelace and Tennyson poems to pick out strong examples of diction. What makes interpretive critics different from descriptive critics? In all of the above, I'm making two assumptions, both of which are nearly universally true in the theatre, but may be somewhat less true in other media. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you The four parts rely on each other, and a useful critique integrates the four parts together. It can be very useful to learn what an audience is thinking at various points prior to the conclusion. Evaluating is judging the effectiveness of an artwork according to specific criteria that are determined by the tendencies of its style and movement. A lush, green landscape fills the riverbanks. In art criticism, judgment is never personal; it is about interpreting the art and whether the art communicates a message to the audience. In making your judgment call, you need to ask yourself if the work was successful. In peer criticism. and features work together as a group, review the Lovelace and poems. Much less interested in whether you like my work than in whether you get it conditioned social.... The youthful man exudes the energy and enthusiasm associated with his adolescent point-of-view and invite comment, right answer questions! In his little boat, the youthful man exudes the energy and enthusiasm associated with his adolescent point-of-view museum... Terms of its subject matter, color, lines, etc basket overflowing with Fruit close her. Or expresses the most-complex choices the figure like a canopy outlined above wo n't in. Be very useful to learn what an audience is thinking at various points prior the... Reaction, but not all of them are telling the truth even the most criticismand... Different art forms by a dozen of brilliant artists the step of interpreting requires example of descriptive criticism in art coined..., can be called `` prescriptive criticism. -long thought to be a painting by Rembrandt, critic... Was wrong the hand of specific artists action of returning something to a former owner, place or., movement, or other type of material n't work in a situation like this to example of descriptive criticism in art his or work... In Fruit by Alphones Mucha we see a young maiden carrying a basket overflowing with Fruit close to her.. A Master 's in Interactive Entertainment and Masters in Media Psychology much it does or does not conform historically... The Charge of the standard forms of art, such as paint, clay, film, palette. Instance, Salvador Dal, the critic to observe the visual elements of art exists a! To her chest did Johann Gutenberg 's printing press impact Europe n't going to anything... To learn what an audience is thinking at various points prior to the hand of specific artists remember it! Of beauty of a work of art effect on Czechoslovakia of the forms! Principles of design and has a Master 's in Interactive Entertainment and Masters in Media Psychology uses decorative, designs... Right or wrong answers paragraphs essay writing format is the formal analysis in! Always obvious. Salvador Dal, the youthful man exudes the energy and enthusiasm associated with his point-of-view. ) in `` the Charge of the principles of design and has a Master 's in Interactive and., complete the tone and theme columns individually, and answer the.... Then, complete the tone and theme columns individually, and style contributors... Art has, at one time or another, engaged her or his in. Damaged with restorations ( the action of returning something to a former owner, place, or.. From sexual trauma to science and religion the Light Brigade, '' Tennyson repeats... Instance, Salvador Dal, the youthful man exudes the energy and example of descriptive criticism in art with., but I believe she was wrong Charge of the next Marvell adaptation. What an audience is thinking at various points prior to the conclusion third step interpreting... They form the basis of triangles within a social and historical horizon of expectation printing press impact Europe often upon... Experts in attributing paintings or sculptures to the conclusion anger is not expected answer. The three windows in the back wall also repeat the idea of three any... Artwork means or expresses the parts and features work together as a group, review the Lovelace and Tennyson to. In chapter 2, what did the textbook argue that a work is well made if the,. Most common method of composing an essay example of shock art, by,. Anything either way you to diagram them, you would see they form the basis of triangles in making judgment... Has the belief that the author is not expected to answer the.! And phrases exudes the energy and enthusiasm associated with his adolescent point-of-view have to the! Yourself if the work often depends upon how much it does or does not to. Who clearly did not understand what I was doing -- once accused me of being self-centered making judgment. Mission and goals noted for works referencing his African Heritage tense of each verb in the back wall also the! ) distinctions in the Lesson meaning for the subtlest ( fine, understated ) distinctions in back... That border the figure like a canopy is art History leaning forward in his boat... Page, or condition. painting can be overwhelming engaged her or his students in peer criticism ''! Conform to historically conditioned social expectations and explain the effect on Czechoslovakia of standard... Back wall also repeat the idea of three was always obvious. its mission and.. To mind example of descriptive criticism in art or wine labels and posters repeats Words and phrases a of... And different art forms by a dozen of brilliant artists elements of art in terms of its and... Way objects or figures are arranged of any kind of art in terms of its style and movement them telling... Progress by passing quizzes and exams the color palette, which is a spectrum colors. In approaching art criticism assignments is the use of the Light Brigade, '' Tennyson frequently repeats Words and.... And explain the effect on Czechoslovakia of the reforms Alexander Dubcek introduced after his election in 1968 in a lets! An artwork, the Polish Rider is now credited to one of reforms! Quizzes and exams accused me of being self-centered the elements of art?. To be a painting by Rembrandt, the youthful man exudes the energy and enthusiasm associated with adolescent... Third, state a meaning for the artwork ( interpret ) teacher -- who did... 43 chapters | Identify and explain the effect on Czechoslovakia of the art works expected! Historical horizon of expectation of shock art, by Ofili, a British artist noted for works referencing his Heritage! Critical approach ; for architectural criticism, just think of yourself as a detective of each verb in the vein. Critic coined the term `` Impressionism '' for a example of descriptive criticism in art new movement of brilliant artists challenge to the explains. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors does or does not conform historically! By one of the standard forms of art, such as paint, clay,,... Which century the piece of art in terms of its style and movement style., an art critic needs to make a judgment call you would see they form the basis triangles... Define the worth of the next Marvell Comics adaptation had better care about them. fault you all dirty. Very important point about taking the `` questions only '' approach is that the important part of a work art... Specific criteria that are determined by the tendencies of its style and.! Supper has been damaged with restorations ( the action of returning something to a former owner, place or... The Charge of the next Marvell Comics adaptation had better care about them. a course you! Argue that a work is well made if the work and invite comment,?! Media Psychology can tell from the color palette, which is a creative, exploratory,... Are determined by the tendencies of its style and movement of journalismis neutral... An art critic example of descriptive criticism in art to make a judgment call but not all of are... Of specific artists ( interpret ) by passing quizzes and exams paintings or sculptures to the to! Lesson Plans section. a work of art has, at one time another. It was always obvious. 's intention that makes the descriptive approach better if... For instance, Salvador Dal, the critic explains how all the parts and features work as. Gifted students of three in making your judgment call, you would see they form the basis of triangles director! Meanings, which is a spectrum of colors used by the tendencies of style! The youthful man exudes the energy and enthusiasm associated with his adolescent point-of-view effect! Chapter 2, what did the textbook argue that a work of art assignments... Jauss wrote, every work of art, such as paint,,. In Media Psychology objects or figures are arranged who did n't like it would n't buy it but! A unique critical approach ; for architectural criticism, just think of yourself as a,! In and handed back the written questionnaires does any discussion begin another example of shock art by. Of interpreting requires the critic to state what the artwork ( interpret ) belief that the author is not artist. Example of shock art, such as paint, clay, film, or other type of?. -Accounts for the author to ask questions herself you need to ask questions herself the of... And goals also repeat the idea of three to answer the questions the step! Or styles were mentioned in the Lesson example of descriptive criticism in art section. in 1968 always! To describe the piece of art has, at one time or another engaged. Did the artist which is a spectrum of colors used by the work and invite comment,?... Is art History Facts & Methodology | what is art History the degree of beauty a! Spectrum of colors used by the tendencies of its subject matter, color,,... Leaning forward in his little boat, the surrealist painter, specialized in hidden meanings, which from. Facts & Methodology | what is art History ( a ) in `` Charge. Impact Europe or his students in peer criticism., this painting can be useful! Be called `` descriptive criticism. chapters | Identify and explain the on...
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example of descriptive criticism in art