"We climbed over the guard rail and started running down the side of the ship. These new approaches would help achieve an international goal set last year to have 100% of the topography of the world's ocean bed mapped by 2030. The S.G.O (Cdr. The anti-aircraft (AA) armament were composed of two quick-firing (QF) 3-inch (76mm) 20cwt Mk I[Note 1] guns. BARHAM, on November 25, 1941!!!. [90], There was no time for evasive action, and three of the four torpedoes struck amidships so closely together as to throw up a single massive water column. The battleships were providing distant cover to the light cruisers of Force B[1], engaged in searching for the German merchantsMaritzaandProcida (see also this link and this link). Within four minutes, the battleship had listed over to Port and the ships magazines had exploded, sinking the battleship and killing 863 men. The wreck of a Royal Navy warship which sank in 1682 while carrying the future king James Stuart has been identified off the coast of Norfolk. [53] She retained her position when the 1st and 2nd Battle Squadrons were merged in May 1921. A near miss ruptured her portside bulge over an area 20 by 16 feet (6.1 by 4.9m) and caused a 1.5 degree list that was easily corrected by pumping oil. A new beautiful success. [36] His order only applied to his own forces; the 5th Battle Squadron continued south until after it passed Beatty heading northwestwards at 16:51. She was briefly deployed to Haifa in May 1936 at the beginning of the Arab revolt in Palestine. All interested parties are warmly in. He is now involved in efforts to change this. Three minutes later, she sighted the topmasts of Vice-Admiral Reinhard Scheer's battleships, but did not report this for another five minutes. One of these hits also started several major fires inside the hull. First published on Mon 12 Sep 2016 11.41 EDT. [28][Note 3], When dawn broke Beatty ordered his forces into cruising formation with the 5th Battle Squadron trailing his battle cruisers by five nautical miles (9.3km; 5.8mi). We also may change the frequency you receive our emails from us in order to keep you up to date and give you the best relevant information possible. All footage can be viewed on the British Path website. The ships were fitted with four submerged 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes, two on each broadside. Your email address will not be published. The turbines were rated at 75,000 shaft horsepower (56,000kW) and intended to reach a maximum speed of 25 knots (46.3km/h; 28.8mph). The marine scientist first got involved in the search for the wreck in a commission from the BBC. Our C. in C. (Admiral Sir Andrew Cunningham) ordered the 7th and 15th Cruiser Squadrons to sea to attempt to intercept and destroy these convoys. She became a private ship in January of that year and was refitted at Portsmouth Royal Dockyard in FebruaryJuly. 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Lilly died in 2007, aged 86. In 19211922, 30-foot (9.1m) rangefinders replaced the smaller ones in 'B' and 'X' turrets. Clinging to a piece of wreckage, Richard was picked up by an Australian destroyer, along with other survivors. Life on the Line tracks down Australian war veterans and records their stories. 2 six-inch gun. You can see all the lifeboats. As a result, the operation was confined to the northern end of the sea. HMS Barham was a 35,000-ton battleship built for World War I but had had an extensive refit in the 1930s. The ship had a range of 5,000 nautical miles (9,260km; 5,754mi) at a cruising speed of 12 knots (22.2km/h; 13.8mph). What is more, the coordinates are very close to those sent out by the Athenia's radio officer in his distress call, and recorded in the logbooks of the vessels that came to the rescue. The boat dived out of control after she broached, reaching an indicated depth of 265 metres (869ft), well below her design depth rating of 150 metres (490ft), before she stabilised without any damage. The ships had multiple armoured decks that ranged from 1 to 3 inches (25 to 76mm) in thickness. [24], The Grand Fleet departed for a cruise in the North Sea on 26 February 1916; Jellicoe had intended to use the Harwich Force to sweep the Heligoland Bight, but bad weather prevented operations in the southern North Sea. She became a private ship on 1 December and departed Alexandria to join the Home Fleet that same day. He replied, 'it's gone'.". Welcome to the HMS Barham Association website On 25th November 1941, 841 men lost their lives when this battleship was sunk during the 2nd world war. [102], Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}3234N 2624E / 32.567N 26.400E / 32.567; 26.400. [54] Dalglish was relieved in his turn by Captain Percy Noble on 18 October 1922. The Queen Elizabeth-class ships were designed to form a fast squadron for the fleet that was intended to operate against the leading ships of the opposing battleline. During this time BARHAM was bombed and severely damaged by the Luftwaffe and had to go to Capetown for extensive repairs. It was something Donaldson had made when the ship was built," she told BBC News. For Archive Licensing Enquiries Visit: https://goo.gl/W4hZBv Explore Our Online Channel For FULL Documentaries, Fascinating Interviews \u0026 Classic Movies: https://goo.gl/7dVe8r #BritishPath #History #WWII #Navy #RoyalNavySubscribe to the British Path YT Channel: https://goo.gl/hV1nkf Dramatic Newsreel footage captured the sinking of the Queen Elizabeth Battleship. The loss of HMS Barham contributed to the very high number of losses at sea suffered by the Royal Navy in the period of Operation CRUSADER, about which I have written at this link. She departed Scapa Flow that day, escorted by four destroyers,[68] and rendezvoused with the troop convoy en route to Gibraltar[69] where she arrived on 2 September. Barham opened fire at a range of 21,000 yards (19,000m) and hit Richelieu with one 15-inch shell at 09:15. The 1st Battle Squadron, comprising the battleships HMS Barham, Queen Elizabeth, and Valiant left Alexandria in Egypt on the 24th November as part of of an operation to intercept German supply convoys crossing to Libya. They even attempted to blame the sinking on Winston Churchill, who on that very day - 3 September, 1939 - was appointed First Lord of the Admiralty. This podcast series examines Australias Naval history, featuring a variety of naval history experts from the Naval Studies Group and elsewhere. The third shell detonated on the face of the starboard wing turret, although some fragments entered the turret and caused minor damage. The main armament could be controlled by 'B' turret as well. They and the sacrifice they made will never be forgotten. The ship was in the Mediterranean when the Second World War began in September 1939, on her voyage home three months later, she accidentally collided with and sank one of her escorting destroyers, HMSDuchess. Underwater protection was improved by the addition of torpedo bulges. [31] This was later characterised as the "Run to the South" as Beatty changed course to steer east-southeast at 15:45, now paralleling Hipper's course less than 18,000 yards (16,000m) away. She was the flagship of the 1st Battle Squadron and of the Second in Command of the Mediterranean Fleet, 1941. I was trying to push myself away when I got blown away by this massive explosion as the magazine went up. [47] On the evening of 18 August, the Grand Fleet put to sea in response to a message deciphered by Room 40 that indicated that the High Seas Fleet, minus II Squadron, would be leaving harbour that night. David Mearns: "My research rules out all other shipwrecks in this area". Casualties were five dead and six wounded. One fragment ricocheted off the upper deck and through the side plating on the opposite side of the ship. Rawlings took over temporarily from P-W who became Vice Admiral Light Forces. That's the ultimate goal, anyway," said Mr Mearns. It was a perfect day and the sea was smooth, After Hands had been piped to tea, the usual promenaders (ERAs and Stoker POs off watch) emerged from below-decks for their customary first Dog Watch strolls up and down the Focsle. Second World War (1939-1945) Sidi Barrani. The footage is at the end of this post. Full title reads: "HMS BARHAM 1914 - 1941". BARHAM, serving as Flag lieutenant to the 2nd in command of the Mediterranean Fleet (Vice Admiral Sir H.D. Beatty continued south for another two minutes to confirm the sighting before ordering his force to turn north, towards the Grand Fleet in what came to be known as the "Run to the North". The remains of the first British ship to be sunk in WW2 appear to have been identified on the Atlantic seabed. 828 Squadron FAA, With the 5th South African Brigade at Sidi Rezegh, XXXI Guastatori (Assault Engineers) Battalion during CRUSADER, 'Shell Shock' 'Bomb Happy' and the Tobruk Garrison, Successful supply runs for the Axis - November 1941, New Article - Italy's Light Cruiser Force, German Tank Deliveries to North Africa - 02/1941 to 03/1942, Axis merchants lost on the North Africa Route - 1941-1943. U.331 was under the command of Freiherr Diedrich von Tiesenhausen who was a lieutenant of 26 years of age. A very detailed account by a surviving officer of her loss is at this link. The BdU (Commander Submarines) noted in his war diary the rather jubilant: U331 1 battleship torpedoed in the Mediterranean. [Note 5], Evan-Thomas continued his turn until his ships were steering due north, which interposed the 5th Battle Squadron between Hipper's battlecruisers,[38] which had reversed course around 16:48 to follow Beatty north,[39] and Beatty's ships. On the night of 25 March, Barham and the rest of the fleet sailed from Scapa Flow to support Beatty's battlecruisers and other light forces raiding the German Zeppelin base at Tondern. copyrights: Unknown. On 25 November 1941 one of the heaviest losses of life, and the only loss of a Royal Navy battleship to a submarine at sea, occurred off Bardia, when HMS Barham was torpedoed at extremely short range by U-331, and sank within four minutes. Lemp fired four torpedoes at the two capital ships,[64] and one struck Barham on her port side, adjacent to the shell rooms for 'A' and 'B' turrets. Prof Richard Toye, the head of history at Exeter University, has written about the Athenia. 1. After some time we came to a Carley float, to which about six of our shipmates were clinging. "We had no idea there were U-boats in the area.". We use your sign-up to provide content in the ways you've consented to and improve our understanding of you. Barham, now assigned to the 1st BS, and Malaya were detached to refuel at Souda Bay, Crete, before sailing for Alexandria, reaching there on 14 November. She reached Alexandria later that day, but she was too large for the floating dock there and had to be sent elsewhere for repairs. Multiple air strikes by Formidable's Fairey Swordfish torpedo bombers damaged the battleship Vittorio Veneto and crippled the heavy cruiser Pola later that evening. Shortly afterwards, she was deployed to Gibraltar for several months after the beginning of the Spanish Civil War in July. British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain declared war on 3 September, 1939. The relatively shallow water on Rockall Bank, an area of raised seabed a few hundred km from the Irish coastline, means it should be reasonably straightforward to send down a remotely operated vehicle to investigate the sonar contact. By the time the Grand Fleet approached the area on 26 March, the British and German forces had already disengaged and a strong gale threatened the light craft, so the fleet was ordered to return to base. [5], The waterline belt of the Queen Elizabeth class consisted of Krupp cemented armour (KC) that was 13 inches (330mm) thick over the ships' vitals. [74] During this time Barham was struck by a 24cm shell that penetrated through the superstructure before exploding with little effect and without causing any casualties. [86], In mid-April she escorted the fast transport MVBreconshire, together with Warspite and Valiant, from Alexandria to Malta before the battleships bombarded Tripoli on the evening of 20 April. While the other four ships of the Queen Elizabeth class were given a second, more extensive refit in the mid-to-late 1930s (which for Warspite, Valiant and Queen Elizabeth amounted to a complete reconstruction with new machinery and superstructures), changes to Barham were relatively minor. In addition, she was joined by the battleships HMS Queen . [75] The French destroyerLe Hardi sortied from the harbour at 12:00 to rescue a British pilot in the water, but was engaged at 12:53 by the battleships at a range of 12,000 yards (11,000m). After the battle fleet left Alexandria all was uneventful, and during the early afternoon of 25th November, course was reversed, and the Force proceeded back towards Alex. It is the first wreck in his consultancy career "which I've identified from my armchair, so to speak". It was steaming at about twenty knots at the time, and immediately began to list to port at an alarming rate. On 24 May, the fleet conducted another demonstration off Horns Reef to keep German attention focused on the North Sea. The enemy struck at 4.25pm as Richard was on a tea break and talking with a friend. The destroyer Hotspur rescued 337 survivors, including Vice-Admiral Henry Pridham-Wippell and the pair who later died of their wounds, while the Australian destroyer Nizam reportedly rescued 150 men. Richard Laland is one of only two survivors from the doomed battleship HMS Barham still alive today. The fleet sailed in concert with Rear Admiral Franz von Hipper's five battlecruisers and supporting cruisers and torpedo boats. [62] On 12 December, she accidentally rammed one of her escorts, the destroyer Duchess, in thick fog nine miles (14km) west of the Mull of Kintyre. During the Second World War, a spate of misfortunes had dogged the HMS Barham. It is just over 49 years since H.M.S. Before leaving the Bridge to make my attempt to escape, the conning tower of a submarine surfaced about one hundred and fifty yards from the port side, and remained exposed for perhaps half a minute before the U boat dived again. The battleship heels over and explodes. Three minutes later another shell hit the aft superstructure, severing the antenna cables of the main wireless station. Together they had two children, three grandchildren and three great grandchildren. Despite the majority of the wreck lying some 75m below the . [93][Note 6] Captain Geoffrey Cooke went down with his ship. She had a normal displacement of 32,590 long tons (33,110t) and displaced 33,260 long tons (33,794t) at deep load. [42] Barham returned fire at the battlecruisers at 17:02, together with Valiant, the two northernmost of Evan-Thomas's ships, and the two of them made three hits on the battlecruiser SMSSeydlitz and Ltzow between 17:06 and 17:13 while Barham was hit twice more by Derfflinger; although neither of the hits did any significant damage. He first spotted the battleship Marlborough, flagship of the 6th Division of the 1st Battle Squadron and thought she was leading the Grand Fleet as it deployed from cruising formation into line ahead. I assumed that this had happened because the submarine Captain had fired all his bow tubes at once, and had not compensated quickly enough with seawater to keep the conning tower below the surface. Huge palls of smoke rising from the stricken ship. This was replaced by a torpedo rangefinder in early 1928 when the permanent position was installed in the remodelled spotting top. She helped to sink an Italian heavy cruiser and a destroyer during the Battle of Cape Matapan in March 1941 and was damaged by German aircraft two months later during the evacuation of Crete. The fleet returned to Scapa Flow on 24 April and refuelled before proceeding south in response to intelligence reports that the Germans were about to launch a raid on Lowestoft. The damage allowed over 1,000 long tons (1,016t) of water to flood the stern and nearly knocked out the ship's steering gear. [65] Most of the adjacent compartments flooded and the ship took on a 7 degree list that was countered by transferring fuel oil to starboard. Quora User [21] She was completed for trials on 19 August 1915 which took until the end of September to finish under the command of Captain Arthur Craig Waller. [33] About three minutes later, the ship opened fire on the battlecruiser SMSvon der Tann at a range of about 23,000 yards (21,000m). [32], The light cruisers of the 2nd Scouting Group were the first German ships visible to Evan-Thomas's ships and Barham opened fire on them at 15:58 until the cruisers disappeared into their own smoke screen at around 16:05. [1] Force B consisted of two cruiser squadrons, 7 and 15, with the cruisers HMS Ajax, HMS Euryalus, HMS Galatea, HMS Naiad, and HMS Neptune, with escorting destroyers. They claimed at least one hit[72] and the submarine was finished off by two of the escorting destroyers and the light cruiser Dragon. Duchess capsized and sank, with the loss of 124 of her crew. [100] The crew are commemorated by a memorial bench, located in Nothe Gardens, Weymouth. Required fields are marked *. Between them, Barham and Valiant hit Moltke four times from 16:16 to 16:26, but only one of those hits can be attributed to Valiant. The wrecks sites upside down on the sea floor. The ship participated in the Silver Jubilee Fleet Review for George V on 16 July at Spithead[58] and was then transferred to the Mediterranean Fleet at the end of August. After Free French emissaries were either captured or driven off by the Vichy French, Cunningham ordered his ships to open fire. Barham's speed was initially reduced to 10 knots (19km/h; 12mph), but it was increased to 16 knots (30km/h; 18mph) about an hour and a half later and she was able to proceed under her own power[66] to Birkenhead for repairs by Cammell Laird that lasted until April 1940. The translated detailed report of the attack by U-331 can be found at this link. A fortnight later, she was attacked by the U-30 which put her out of commission for six months with a single torpedo hit. Reblogged this on battleoftheatlantic19391945 and commented: Egypt Mar Sidi Barrani. While covering the evacuation of Crete the following day, the ship was attacked by Junkers Ju 88 bombers from II./LG (Demonstration Wing) 1 and Heinkel He 111 bombers of II./KG (Bomber Wing) 26. 862 men went down with her, and her end was filmed by a war correspondent on board one of the escorting destroyers. Another shell, probably also 24cm in size (though possibly a 38cm shell from Richelieu)[76][77] detonated in the water on the starboard side abreast of the funnels. (Lt. Cdr. A salvo of torpedoes from a German submarine struck from close range on HMS Barham on November 25, 1941 in the Mediterranean. That 's the ultimate goal, anyway, '' she told BBC News and had go. From P-W who became Vice Admiral Light Forces men went down with his ship: `` My research rules all... Identified from My armchair, so to speak '' was confined to the 2nd in command of Freiherr von... It is the first wreck in a commission from the doomed battleship HMS Barham on November 25, in... 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hms barham wreck found